HumanOS: un software nómada de base de datos de código abierto para la antropología física y arqueología

[ES] La adquisición y exploración de los datos en los yacimientos arqueológicos están cambiando significativamente con la democratización de las computadoras, tabletas y teléfonos inteligentes. La digitalización de la información permite un registro más rápido, más eficiente y más estandarizado de los datos, que facilita el trabajo de síntesis que requiere la disciplina. Se están elaborando numerosos programas de bases de datos en arqueología y antropología física, en particular con instrumentos específicos desarrollados para satisfacer las necesidades concretas. Sin embargo, hasta donde sabemos los autores, no existe todavía ningún programa eficiente, gratuito y de código abierto que registre los huesos humanos en un contexto arqueológico. Aquí se describe una aplicación móvil dirigida a antropólogos de campo y biológicos, que permita el registro intuitivo de los huesos humanos en sitios arqueológicos. En un estilo intuitivo, esta aplicación permite hacer un inventario de los entierros desde el sitio hasta el laboratorio a partir de las excavaciones arqueológicas. Además del registro del esqueleto, la aplicación permite registrar el contexto del descubrimiento. La aplicación también da gran libertad al usuario, permitiéndole crear fácilmente campos de investigación de acuerdo con sus propios objetivos de investigación. Por último, realiza la exportación de la información como texto (informe automático) y/o tablas para uso estadístico. Es una herramienta modular, ergonómica y portátil, que se adapta a las exigencias de los investigadores, sin requerir conexión a Internet; almacena la información registrada en varios formatos (CSV, SVG, HTML y/o JSON), en un lenguaje informático sostenible para el desarrollo de módulos complementarios. El sistema se implementa en forma de una aplicación web libre y de código abierto, programada en JavaScript (disponible en http://www.humanos.cnrs.fr/), suministrada en forma de un simple archivo ZIP para descomprimir. La aplicación no exige ninguna instalación especial; se abre haciendo clic en el ejecutable "HumanOS.html" con cualquier navegador web, incluso sin conexión a Internet.[EN] With the democratization of computers, tablets and smartphones, the data acquisition and exploration on archaeological sites are changing significantly. The digitization of information allows a faster, more efficient and more standardized data recording that facilitates the synthesis work required by the discipline. Numerous database programmes are being developed in archaeology and physical anthropology, notably with targeted tools developed to meet specific needs. However, to the authors’ knowledge, no efficient, free and open-source program for the recording of human bones in an archaeological context exists yet. In this paper, a mobile application for the intuitive recording of human bones from archaeological sites is described; this app, defined for the field and biological anthropologists, allows making an inventory of the burials from site to the laboratory from archaeological digs in an intuitive style. In addition to the recording of the skeleton, the application permits the recording of the discovery context. The application also gives significant freedom to the user, who can easily create research fields to their own research objectives. Finally, it permits exporting the information, either as text (automatic report) and/or as tables for statistical use. It is a modular, ergonomic and portable tool which meets researchers' requirements without needing an internet connection; it stores the recorded information in several formats (CSV, SVG, HTML and/or JSON), in a sustainable computer language, permitting complementary modules development. The system is implemented in the form of a free and open-source web application, programmed in JavaScript (available from http://www.humanos.cnrs.fr/) and supplied in the form of a simple ZIP file to decompress. The application does not require any special installation, as it opens by clicking on the executable "HumanOS.html" with any web browser, even without an Internet connection.Highlights:We have developed a mobile application which allows "field anthropologists" to record burials inventories from archaeological excavations on site and in the laboratory, in an intuitive way.In addition to recording the skeleton, the application makes it possible to note the context of the discovery and to create fields of investigation according to its own research objectives.It allows data export in the form of text (automatic report) and/or tables for statistical uses.Colleter, R.; Romain, J.; Barreau, J. (2020). HumanOS: an open source nomadic software database for physical anthropology and archaeology. Virtual Archaeology Review. 11(23):94-105. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.13422OJS94105112

Experiencing the past in virtual reality A virtual reality event for the French National Days of Archaeology

International audienceThis document reports a public exhibition organized during the French National Days of Archaeology, that is the result of an interdisciplinary collaboration between archaeologists and computer scientists, centered on the immersive virtual reality platform Immersia, a node of the European Visionair project. This public exhibition had three main goals: (i) presentating our interdisciplinary collaboration, (ii) communicating on the scientific results of this collaboration, and (iii) offering an immersive experience in the past for visitors. This paper presents the scientific context of the event, its organization, and a discussion on feedbacks

Virtual reality tools for the West Digital Conservatory of Archaeological Heritage

International audienceIn the continuation of the 3D data production work made by the WDCAH, the use of virtual reality tools allows archaeologists to carry out analysis and understanding research about their sites. In this paper, we focus on the virtual reality services proposed to archaeologists in the WDCAH, through the example of two archaeological sites, the Temple de Mars in Corseul and the Cairn of Carn Island

Modelado en 3D de una puerta de la ciudad de Rennes del siglo XV: Portes Mordelaises

[EN] The Portes Mordelaises, remnants of the medieval city walls of Rennes, France, has been the subject of several archaeological excavations until 2017. From these excavations, we created a three-dimensional (3D) model of the site reconstructed as it would have appeared during the 15th century, including the surrounding plus the interiors of its famed towers. Once our efforts and results were officially recognised as being of national interest by the French Ministry of Culture and Communication, Department of Heritage and the National Museum Service of France, we presented our virtual model reconstruction in an exhibition curated by the Museum of Bretagne, entitled "Rennes, les vies d'une ville" (Rennes, the Lives of a City). This approach to 3D reconstruction of the site served to further study Rennes’ origins, its construction, organisation, as well as its historic relationship to surrounding territories. The main objective of this work was to investigate, using of a significant and com[ES] Las Portes Mordelaises, restos de las murallas medievales de la ciudad de Rennes, Francia, han sido objeto de varias excavaciones arqueológicas hasta el año 2017. A partir de estas excavaciones, pudimos crear un modelo tridimensional (3D) del sitio reconstruido tal y como habría aparecido durante el siglo XV, incluyendo los terrenos circundantes así como los interiores de sus famosas torres. Una vez que nuestros esfuerzos y resultados fueron reconocidos oficialmente como de interés nacional por el Ministerio de Cultura y Comunicación de Francia, el Departamento de Patrimonio así como el Servicio Nacional de Museos de Francia, presentamos nuestra reconstrucción del modelo virtual en una exposición gestionada por el Museo de Bretaña titulada "Rennes, las vidas de una ciudad”. Este enfoque de la reconstrucción en 3D del sitio sirvió para profundizar en el estudio de los orígenes de Rennes, su construcción, su organización, así como su relación histórica con los territorios circundantes. EBarreau, J.; Esnault, E.; Foucher, J.; Six, M.; Le Faou, C. (2020). 3D modelling of a 15th century city gate of Rennes: Portes Mordelaises. Virtual Archaeology Review. 11(22):41-55. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.12653OJS41551122Ahmad, T., Afzal, M., Hayat, F., Asif, H. S., Ahsan, S., & Saleem, Y. (2012). Need for software design methodology for remote sensing applications. Life Sci Journal, 9(3), 2152-2156.Al-Baghdadi, M. A. S. (2017). 3D printing and 3D scanning of our ancient history: Preservation and protection of our cultural heritage and identity. International Journal of Energy and Environment, 8(5), 441-456.Alix, C., Carron, D., Roux-Capron, E., & Josserand, L. (2016). La porte Bannier, entrée principale de la ville d'Orléans aux XIVe-XVe siècles. Archeologie medievale, (46), 91-122. https://doi.org/10.4000/archeomed.2781Athanasoulis, D., Georgiou, A., Simou, X., Sfika, A., Klotsa, V., Zirogianni, T., Theodoropoulos, C., & Deligianni, E.-O. (2015). Bridging monuments through digital repository and graphic reconstruction methodologies. The Digital Enhancement Project of Argolid, Arcadia and Corinthia castles, Greece. In 2015 Digital Heritage, Vol. 1, (pp. 107- 110). Granada, Spain. https://doi.org/10.1109/digitalheritage.2015.7413846Auer, C. (2017). L'archéologie high tech - xenius arte. Retrieved February 16, 2017, from www.cnrs.fr/CNRSHebdo/bretagne-paysdeloire/actus.php?numero=11666Banfi, F., Brumana, R., & Stanga, C. (2019). Extended reality and informative models for the architectural heritage: from scan-to-BIM process to virtual and augmented reality. Virtual Archaeology Review, 10(21), 14-30. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2019.11923Barreau, J. B. (2017). Techniques de production, d'exploration et d'analyse d'environnements archéologiques virtuels.(Production, exploration and analysis techniques of virtual archaeological environments) (Doctoral dissertation, INSA de Rennes, France). Retrieved from https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01633811/documentBarreau, J.-B., Bernard, Y., Petit, Q., Beuchet, L., Petit, E., Platen, V., Gaugne, R., Le Rumeur, J., & Gouranton, V. (2014). Combination of 3D scanning, modeling and analyzing methods around the castle of Coatfrec reconstitution. In Digital Heritage. Progress in Cultural Heritage: Documentation, Preservation, and Protection. EuroMed 2014 (pp. 418-426). Limassol, Cyprus. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13695-0_40Barreau, J.-B., Gaugne, R., Bernard, Y., Le Cloirec, G., & Gouranton, V. (2013). The West Digital Conservatory of Archaelogical Heritage project. In 2013 Digital Heritage (pp. 1-8). Marseille, France. https://doi.org/10.1109/digitalheritage.2013.6743795Barreau, J.-B., Lanoe, E., & Gaugne, R. (2020). 3D sketching of the fortified entrance of the citadel of Aleppo from a few sightseeing photos. In Kremers H. (Ed.), Digital Cultural Heritage (pp. 359-371). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15200-0_24Barrera-Vera, J. A. (2005). Generation of virtual models of historical tapial walls in Seville (Spain). In VSMM 2005: proceedings of the eleventh International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia: Virtual reality at work in the 21st century: impact on society. Ghent, Belgium.Bayraktar, C. (2016). V-RAY 3.3. Istanbul: Kodlab Yayin Dağitim Yazilim Ltd.şti.Boochs, F., Hoffmann, A., Huxhagen, U., & Welter, D. (2006). Digital reconstruction of archeological objects using hybrid sensing techniques-The example Porta Nigra at Trier. Bar International Series, 1568, 395-400.Bosser, A. G. (2004). Massively multi-player games: Matching game design with technical design. In Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology (pp. 263-268). Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1145/1067343.1067378Brioso, X., Calderón, C., Aguilar, R., & Pando, M. A. (2019). Preliminary methodology for the integration of lean construction, bim and virtual reality in the planning phase of structural intervention in heritage structures. In Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions (pp. 484-492). Cusco, Peru. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99441-3_52Canciani, M., Conigliaro, E., Grasso, M. D., Papalini, P., & Saccone, M. (2016). 3D survey and augmented reality for cultural heritage. The case study of Aurelian wall at Castra Praetoria in Rome. 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Retrieved June 14, 2019, from https://www.1jour1actu.com/science/grace-aux-nouvelles-technologies-les-archeologues-sont-plus-efficacesDelone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of Information Systems success: a ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 9-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2003.11045748Du Crest de Villeneuve, E.-R., & Lorette, H. (1841). Album Breton: souvenirs de Rennes. Rennes: Ambroise Jausions.Esnault, E. (2012). RENNES (35). Les Portes Mordelaises. Rapport intermédiaire de fp. Fouille programmée, RAP02792, Service Régional de l'Archéologie de Bretagne. Retrieved from http://bibliotheque.numerique.srabretagne.fr/files/original/d5dcfe1a4491a228ffac3aa84cca0226.pdfEsnault, E. (2013). Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine). Les portes Mordelaises. Archéologie Médiévale, 43, 273-274.Esnault, E. (2014a). RENNES (35). Les Portes Mordelaises. Rapport intermédiaire de fp 2012-2014. Fouille programmée, RAP02919, Service Régional de l'Archéologie de Bretagne. Retrieved from http://bibliotheque.numerique.sra-bretagne.fr/files/original/f3e868678cdd1dd64a9cd2fd12efde4b.pdfEsnault, E. (2014b). Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine). Les portes Mordelaises. Archéologie Médiévale, 44, 279.Esnault, E. (2015a). RENNES (35). Les Portes Mordelaises. Rapport intermédiaire de fp. Fouille programmée, RAP03063, Service Régional de l'Archéologie de Bretagne. Retrieved from http://bibliotheque.numerique.srabretagne.fr/files/original/912019e9c7133236f6611868b3b0fa86.pdfEsnault, E. (2015b). Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine). Les portes Mordelaises. Archéologie Médiévale, 45, 250-251.Esnault, E. (2016a). RENNES (35). Les Portes Mordelaises. Rapport intermediaire 2015 de FP. Fouille programmée, RAP03203, Service Régional de l'Archéologie de Bretagne. Retrieved from http://bibliotheque.numerique.srabretagne.fr/files/original/034c4915717c242d2af1df753ce91089.pdfEsnault, E. (2016b). Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine). Les portes Mordelaises. Archéologie Médiévale, 46, 266-267.Esnault, E. (2017a). RENNES (35). Les Portes Mordelaises. Rapport intermediaire 2016 de FP. Fouille programmée, RAP03386, Service Régional de l'Archéologie de Bretagne. Retrieved from http://bibliotheque.numerique.srabretagne.fr/files/original/bcc431b25e3267e4b6995701b6af4594.pdfEsnault, E. (2017b). Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine). Les portes Mordelaises. Archéologie Médiévale, 47, 246-247.Esnault, E. (2018a). Les fortifications médiévales et les Portes Mordelaises. Retrieved January 5, 2020 from https://multimedia.inrap.fr/atlas/Rennes/syntheses/par-themes/Les-fortifications-medievales-et-les-PortesMordelaises#.XhzRNiNCeUkEsnault, E. (2018b). Les nouvelles techniques de relevés appliquées à l'archéologie du bâti et à l'archéologie urbaine. In S. Eusèbe, T. Nicolas, V. Gouranton, & R. Gaugne (Dir.) - Archéologie: imagerie numérique et 3D: Actes du 3e Séminaire Scientifique et Technique de l'Inrap, 26-27 juin 2018. Rennes, France. Retrieved from https://sstinrap.hypotheses.org/501Esnault, E. (2018c). RENNES (35). Les Portes Mordelaises. Rapport intermediaire 2017 de FP. Fouille programmée, RAP03512, Service Régional de l'Archéologie de Bretagne. Retrieved from http://bibliotheque.numerique.srabretagne.fr/files/original/d517bc059b5dd79cc80d0997777a3f0b.pdfFerko, A., Martinka, J., Sormann, M., Karner, K., Zara, J., & Krivograd, S. (2004). Virtual Heart of Central Europe. In Proceedings of 9th symposion on Info & Communication Technology in Urban and Spatial planning and Impacts of ICT on Physical Space (pp. 193-200). Wien, Austria.Fisher, M., & Hanrahan, P. (2010). Context-based search for 3D models. ACM transactions on Graphics (TOG), 29(6), 182. https://doi.org/10.1145/1882261.1866204Freudenberg, B., Masuch, M., Rober, N., & Strothotte, T. (2001). The Computer-Visualistik-Raum: veritable and inexpensive presentation of a virtual reconstruction. In Proceedings of the 2001 conference on Virtual Reality, Archeology, and Cultural Heritage (pp. 97-102) Glyfada, Greece. https://doi.org/10.1145/585009.585010Gaugne, R., Gouranton, V., Dumont, G., Chauffaut, A., & Arnaldi, B. (2014). Immersia, an open immersive infrastructure: doing archaeology in virtual reality. Archeologia e Calcolatori, suppl. 5, 1-10.Guillas, N. (2013). Des drones qui fouillent le sol. Sciences Ouest, 312.Haller, M. (2004). Photorealism or/and non-photorealism in augmented reality. In Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry (pp. 189-196). Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1145/1044588.1044627Hoda, R., Salleh, N., & Grundy, J. (2018). The rise and evolution of agile software development. IEEE Software, 35(5), 58-63. https://doi.org/10.1109/ms.2018.290111318Inrap (2018). Archéologie de la ville de Rennes, carte des sites de fouilles. Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://multimedia.inrap.fr/atlas/Rennes/archeo-RennesInrap (2019). Rennes. Retrieved January 8, 2020, from https://www.inrap.fr/communes/rennesJahn, I., Kersten, T., & Kinzel, R. (2004). Erfahrungen mit einem 3d-laserscanning-system bei der erfassung einer industrieanlage und des lubecker holstentores. Photogrammetrie-Laserscanning-Optische 3D-Messtechnik (pp. 222- 229).Koutonen, J., & Leppänen, M. (2013). How are agile methods and practices deployed in video game development? A survey into Finnish game studios. In International Conference on Agile Software Development (pp. 135-149). Berlin, Germany. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38314-4_10Le Cloirec, G. (2019). Du crayon au SIG: 30 ans d'archeologie urbaine à Rennes. Retrieved August 5, 2019, from https://musee-devoile.blog/2019/08/05/du-crayon-au-sig-30-ans-darcheologie-urbaine-a-rennesLópez, L., Arroyo, G., & Martín, D. (2012). Computer tool for automatically generated 3D illustration in real time from archeological scanned pieces. Virtual Archaeology Review, 3(6), 73-77. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2012.4447Marek, M., & Hipp, K. (2011). Cracovia 3D: rekonstrukcje cyfrowe historycznej zabudowy Krakowa. Kraków: Kolegium Wydawnicze Muzeum Historycznego Miasta Krakowa.Ouest-France (2013). L'histoire des Portes mordelaises se visite. Retrieved April 25, 2013 from https://www.ouestfrance.fr/bretagne/rennes-35000/lhistoire-des-portes-mordelaises-se-visite-1078116Mora, P., & Vivier, A. (2007). Le levé tachéométrique et son utilisation dans la numérisation de sites archéologiques. In Virtual Retrospect, 3 (pp. 203-206). Pessac, France.Mortara, M., & Catalano, C. (2018). 3D Virtual environments as effective learning contexts for cultural heritage. Italian Journal of Educational Technology, 26(2), 5-21. https://doi.org/10.17471/2499-4324/1026Ouest-France (2019). "Rennes, les vies d'une ville", une exposition qui vous fait voyager dans le temps. Retrieved January 26, 2019 from https://www.ouest-france.fr/bretagne/rennes-35000/rennes-les-vies-d-une-ville-uneexposition-qui-vous-fait-voyager-dans-le-temps-6197410Ozimek, P. (2007). Rekonstrukcja wirtualna obiektow architektonicznych. Roczniki Geomatyki-Annals of Geomatics, 5(8), 173-185.Pybus, C., Graham, K., Doherty, J., Arellano, N., & Fai, S. (2019). New realities for Canada's Parliament: a workflow for preparing heritage bim for game engines and virtual reality. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing & Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-2/W15, 945-952. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15945-2019Regnard, A.-L. (2015). Construction de la maquette 3D de Rennes Métropole: mise en place, analyse et optimisation des processus (Master's thesis, CNAM - École Supérieure des Géomètres et Topographes, Le Mans, France).Remondino, F. (2003). 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The West Digital Conservatory of Archaelogical Heritage Project

International audienceThe West Digital Conservatory of Archaeological Heritage project, a.k.a. WDCAH, is a new French research organization whose aim is to both ensure the preservation of digital archaeological data, and deliver expertise in production, analysis, visualization and virtual reality exploration techniques. This project is an interdisciplinary project composed of engineers and researchers in archaeology, computer science, virtual reality and 3D interaction with virtual environments. The major objectives of this conservatory project are: (i) sustainable and centralized safeguarding and archiving of 2D/3D data produced by the archaeological community; (ii) free access to metadata; (iii) secure access to data for the different actors involved in scientific projects and (iv) the support and advice for these actors in the 3D data production and exploration through the latest digital technologies, modeling tools and virtual reality systems. Today the first activities of the WDCAH mainly concern digital models production using photogrammetry, 3D laser scans, and 3D computer graphics software. We are currently working on the reconstitution of six archaeological sites located in the west of France ranging from prehistory to the Middle Ages: the Cairn of Carn Island, the covered pathway of Roh Coh Coet, the Goh Min Ru megalithic site, the gallo-roman mansion of Vanesia, the keep of the Château de Sainte-Suzanne, the Porte des Champs of the Château d'Angers. Other proposals are currently under study

3D DIGITISATION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF A CAPITAL IN NORTHWESTERN GAUL: INTERIM RESULTS ON THE CITY OF ALET

[EN] The City of Alet is an important archaeological site in Brittany because it was in the late Iron Age the capital of the Coriosolites. The remains, scattered today in a neighbourhood of Saint-Malo, are highly heterogeneous. Because of its great archeological interest, it has become since 2015 the subject of experimentation in digital archeology. From 3D scanning and Ground Penetrating Radar experimentation, we started a 3D reconstruction of city including several levels of uncertainty and fuelling archaeological thoughts, the results of which are still in discussion.Bernard, Y.; Barreau, J.; Bizien-Jaglin, C.; Quesnel, L.; Langouët, L.; Daire, M. (2016). 3D DIGITISATION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF A CAPITAL IN NORTHWESTERN GAUL: INTERIM RESULTS ON THE CITY OF ALET. En 8th International congress on archaeology, computer graphics, cultural heritage and innovation. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 438-440. https://doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica8.2015.4151OCS43844

Combination of 3D Scanning, Modeling and Analyzing Methods around the Castle of Coatfrec Reconstitution

International audienceThe castle of Coatfrec is a medieval castle in Brittany constituting merely a few remaining ruins currently in the process of restoration. Beyond its great archeological interest, it has become, over the course of the last few years, the subject of experimentation in digital archeology. Methods of 3D scanning were implored in order to gauge comparisons between the remaining structures and their absent hypothetical ones, resulting in the first quantitative results of its kind. This paper seeks to introduce the methods which carried out said research, as well as to present the subsequent results obtained using these new digital tools

Récipients périssables en contexte de crémation : apport de la tomodensitométrie

International audienceDes contenants en matériau périssable sont fréquemment utilisés pour déposer dans une sépulture, les os d’un corps incinéré. Le phénomène concerne toutes les étapes de l’âge du Bronze et se poursuit au­delà. Cet usage est d’ailleurs une des constantes funéraires observées dans la moitié nord­-est de la France, tout au long de La Tène et de l’Antiquité. Ce travail propose un retour d’expériences centrées sur la détection et l’identification de récipients organiques utilisés en contexte crématoire. Nous avons testé l’intégration des images tomographiques dans les protocoles de fouille et d’enregistrement d’un dépôt cinéraire afin d’en évaluer les apports et les enjeux. Les deux cas d’étude présentés sont datés de l’âge du Bronze moyen et s’insèrent dans le projet ANR « Introspection du mobilier archéologique à l’ère numérique ». Ce dernier s’intéresse aux méthodes d’introspection numérique interactive en combinant la tomodensitométrie avec des technologies de visualisation 3D : réalité virtuelle, interactions tangibles et impression 3D

Vocabulaire 3D - Lexique pour les Sciences Humaines et Sociales

Ce document est le résultat d’un effort continu pour permettre aux acteurs des SHS et ceux de la 3D d’interagir autour d’un vocabulaire commun. Ce lexique a pour but d’accompagner les différents livrables du consortium 3D. Il a aussi vocation à terme à aider à l’enrichissement de TaDiRAH , « Taxonomy of Digital Research Activities in the Humani-ties » du consortium européen DARIAH . Ce processus continu est illustré par le fait que ce document en est à sa deuxième versionCe document est le résultat d’un effort continu pour permettre aux acteurs des SHS et ceux de la 3D d’interagir autour d’un vocabulaire commun. Ce lexique a pour but d’accompagner les différents livrables du consortium 3D. Il a aussi vocation à terme à aider à l’enrichissement de TaDiRAH , « Taxonomy of Digital Research Activities in the Humani-ties » du consortium européen DARIAH . Ce processus continu est illustré par le fait que ce document en est à sa deuxième versio

Archeohandi: protocol for a national disabilities database in archaeology in France

The archaeology of disability is a relatively recent and little-known approach in France. While the study of palaeopathology now goes hand in hand with funerary archaeology and osteoarchaeology, the French study of disabilities and disabling pathologies remains marginal and unevenly treated, depending on location, chronology and researcher’s interest. This paper focuses on highlighting the compatibility between this new research area, the obligations of osteoarchaeology, and the benefits of developing a national, diachronic, and interdisciplinary study. A database is designed within an interpretive, consensual framework, that can be adapted to overcome limitations and promote open-minded research on the care of the disabled in their own communities. A preliminary category selection of disabling pathologies has been made. These are trepanation, completely edentulous and/or compensating denture, neuronal impairment, severe scoliosis, Paget's disease, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH), rickets, dwarfism, infectious diseases, unreduced fracture, amputation, severe degenerative disease and others. This list has been critically reviewed by experts in the field; it will evolve in a somewhat Darwinian fashion. Our database is hosted on the Huma-Num platform, with a management interface and quick access based on multiple tabs. The data includes information about archaeological operations, subjects, and pathologies; it is complemented by pictorial data stored on the Nakala platform. The development involved creating a prototype using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, SQL, and PHP, with features to display, add, modify, and delete operations and subjects. Enhancements have been made, including search optimization, charts, and the ability to export data in CSV format. The database, whose administrative interface can be accessed at archeohandi.huma-num.fr, contains so far 211 existing operations with a total of 1232 registered subjects spread throughout metropolitan France. These initial data reveal numerous research perspectives in osteoarchaeology that can be combined with other research topics, such as virtual reality